ArticleTropical animal health and production2025
Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic relationships of Theileria spp. in cattle from Marathwada region of Maharashtra state, India.
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Abstract
The incidence of Theileria spp. was assessed in 348 blood samples employing microscopy and PCR techniques, specifically targeting the 18 S rRNA and Tams1 genes. The 41.66% prevalence of Theileria spp. was found in cattle. The highest frequency of Theileria spp. was observed in Holstein Friesian (54.14%), followed by Jersey (34.37%), and indigenous cattle (19.71%). The highest prevalence was noted in summer (54.63%), while 26.7% and 19.12% prevalence were found during the monsoon and winter seasons, respectively. Based on the 18 S rRNA gene, a genetic study showed that the isolates from Osmanabad (Dharashiv) and Beed shared 99.8% nucleotide identity with previously reported sequences of Theileria buffeli, specifically the AF236094 strain and the Warwick strain from Australia. The Parbhani and Nanded isolates showed 99.9% nucleotide identity with Theileria annulata sequences previously reported from Uttarakhand (MF287941) and Odisha (MF287932), India. Sequence analysis of the Tams1 gene of Hingoli, Parbhani, and Nanded isolates demonstrated 99.5% identity with bovine T. annulata isolates (AF214910, AF214863, and AF214861) from various states in India, followed by 99.2% identity with Mk034702 and AF214806 isolates. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from 18 S rRNA sequences and reported isolates of T. orientalis, the Osmanabad (Dharashiv) isolate clustered within a prominent clade with Theileria sergenti from China (HM538195.1) and Kempsey. The Beed isolate was in a significant clade with Hubei (DQ104610.1) and Warwick, Australia (AB000272.1) Theileria buffeli isolates. The phylogenetic tree using Tams1 gene sequences indicated that Hingoli, Parbhani, and Nanded isolates were closely related to the Theileria annulata strain from Tunisia (AF214879) and the AF214861 isolate from Italy.
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