ArticleMolecular biology reports2025
Association of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (rs5498) genetic polymorphism and dengue in Sabah East Malaysia population.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDengue remains a significant public health challenge in Malaysia, particularly in Sabah where indigenous populations such as the Kadazan-Dusun and Bajau are highly affected. Host genetic factors, including polymorphisms in immune-related genes, may influence individual susceptibility to dengue infection. This study investigates the association between Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) rs5498 (K469E) polymorphism and dengue infection in the Sabahan population, with a focus on ethnic and gender stratification.
methodsA total of 83 participants were recruited, comprising 55 laboratory-confirmed dengue cases and 28 healthy controls, stratified by ethnicity (Kadazan-Dusun, Bajau) and gender. Genotyping of ICAM-1 rs5498 was performed using a Fluidigm Genotyping Array. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared using chi-square tests. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate associations under various genetic models.
resultsThe GG genotype and G allele were significantly more frequent among dengue cases compared with controls (GG: 56.4% vs. 17.9%; G allele: 64.6% vs. 35.7%; p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed significant associations in both Kadazan-Dusun (p = 0.017) and Bajau (p = 0.015) participants, with the A allele conferring a protective effect (overall OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.16-0.60). Gender-stratified analysis showed stronger associations in females, where the GG genotype (68.2% vs. 9.1%) and G allele (70.5% vs. 22.7%) were significantly enriched among cases (p ≤ 0.003). Logistic regression under a recessive model confirmed the protective role of the A allele (adjusted OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.59).
conclusionThe ICAM-1 rs5498 GG genotype and G allele are significantly associated with increased susceptibility to dengue infection in the Sabahan population, particularly among females. These findings highlight the potential role of ICAM-1 as a genetic biomarker for dengue risk and underscore the importance of considering ethnic and gender differences in genetic epidemiology studies of infectious diseases.
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