Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41313220›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of sport science2025

Validity and Reliability of an On-Bike Sensor System for the Determination of Aerodynamic Drag in Cycling.

James G Hopker, Callum Barnes, Christopher R J Fennell, Stuart Gibson

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of sport science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

James G HopkerSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-7037
Callum BarnesSchool of Engineering, Maths and Physics, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Christopher R J FennellSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Stuart GibsonSchool of Engineering, Maths and Physics, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.

Funding

Innovate UK 10074539
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cycling performance is strongly influenced by aerodynamics, with most resistive drag forces being attributed to the rider. The Body Rocket device (BR) is an on-bike sensor system that uses the same load cell technology as a wind tunnel, directly measuring real-time aerodynamic resistance (CdA) from the rider. This study aimed to measure the validity and reliability of CdA measures from BR in two experiments. In Experiment 1, validity of BR was assessed in wind tunnel with a rod and discs of known diameter attached to the end change CdA by a known amount. Experiment 2, examined the validity and reliability of BR in a 250m indoor velodrome. Ten cyclists performed 7 identical efforts at ∼40 km/h for 10 laps of the velodrome, the first 4 to assess validity with the same rod and discs used in the wind tunnel, with the remaining 3 without changes in resistance or the riders changing position to assess reliability. Validity results demonstrated BR measured CdA to be strongly correlated with calculated CdA from the disc addition (r = 0.99), with the smallest identified changes being 0.002 m

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceBicyclingSports EquipmentAdultBiomechanical PhenomenaEquipment DesignHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsYoung Adultcoefficient dragperformancetestingtime trialwind tunnel

Identifiers

PMID41313220
PMCPMC12661900

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.