Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41313204›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2026

Distribution, prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria on Hainan Island and antibiotic resistance of

Xinru Xu, Jingjing Huang, Hongkun Wang, Tianchen Xiang, Jun Liu, Li Zheng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xinru Xu *Department of Immunology,, Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Jingjing Huang *Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Hongkun WangDepartment of Immunology,, Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Tianchen XiangDepartment of Immunology,, Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Jun LiuDepartment of Immunology,, Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Li ZhengDepartment of Immunology,, Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1126-0428

Funding

Education Department of Hainan Province Hnky2020-38Education Department of Hainan Province Hnky2022-38Hainan Medical University X202511810013, S202511810018Hainan Provincial Department of Health WSJK2024MS191Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province 820QN274Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province 821QN0893
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasingly recognized as a public health concern, yet their distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns on Hainan Island, China's tropical hotspot, remain understudied. This study analyzes 158 clinical respiratory samples from 2015 to 2018 across 14 cities, identifying 118 NTM isolates from 24 species. Predominant species include IMPORTANCE: Previous studies have not covered the distribution of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in various regions of Hainan Province. This study provides the first comprehensive geographic map of NTM in Hainan, China's tropical island hotspot. By monitoring NTM across 14 cities over 4 years, we reveal key patterns in their habitat preferences and dominant species in infections. These findings establish a foundational framework for region-specific surveillance and treatment protocols in Hainan and offer a replicable model for global tropical regions combating NTM infections. Ultimately, this work empowers public health initiatives to reduce misdiagnosis, enhance antibiotic stewardship, and lower mortality rates among at-risk populations.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialMycobacterium abscessusMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousNontuberculous MycobacteriaAdultChinaFemaleHumansIslandsMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedPrevalenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsHeat Shock Protein 65 (Hsp65)non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)RNA Polymerase Beta Subunit (rpoB)species identification

Identifiers

PMID41313204
PMCPMC12772351

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.