Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41312285›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Reading an Artist's Intention from the Composition (RAIC): eye movements and aesthetic experience in Japanese woodblock prints.

Yuka Nojo, Antoni B Chan

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yuka NojoGraduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Antoni B ChanDepartment of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Understanding the cognitive mechanisms and decision-making processes involved in aesthetic judgement of visual art has become a growing focus in recent research. While eye movements have been strongly associated with impression evaluations, the underlying processes linking gaze behaviour and aesthetic experience remain underexplored. Recent discourse suggests that compositional strategies in artworks may guide viewers' gaze and support narrative understanding. Objective: We hypothesised that the more closely a viewer's gaze follows the artist's intended compositional path, the better they comprehend the artwork's intention and context, thereby enriching their aesthetic experience. This process is defined as RAIC (Reading an Artist's Intention from the Composition). Methods: We collected 30-s eye-tracking data from 48 participants who viewed 12 Japanese woodblock landscape prints ( Results: Artworks with compositional structures aligned with expert scanpaths enabled viewers to better interpret the artist's intention, promoting deeper aesthetic engagement. Additionally, high-rated artworks elicited greater perceptual fluency. Conclusion: These findings support the RAIC hypothesis, suggesting that guided visual exploration facilitates interpretation of artistic intention and contributes to a more meaningful aesthetic experience.

Indexed as

aesthetic perceptiona variational Bayesian hierarchical extension of the EMHMM (VBHEM)eye movementsgaze patternsJapanese woodblock prints (Ukiyo-e)

Identifiers

PMID41312285
PMCPMC12648216

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.