ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Early intervention with extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhances survival and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with high mortality and limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cell-free therapies due to their immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from human umbilical cord MSCs in a rat model of SCI. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: control, SCI, and SCI treated with a single intralesional dose of EVs. Locomotor recovery was assessed by the Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan (BBB) score, while survival, neuroinflammation, histological alterations, and biodistribution were systematically analyzed. Results: EV administration improved 30-day survival, and locomotor performance from day 7, and was associated with sustained reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) alongside increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) and neurotrophic factors (BDNF). Histological and immunofluorescence analyses showed attenuated microglial activation and astrocytic reactivity, accompanied by reduced lesion size and glial scar formation. Discussion: Together, these findings demonstrate that early intralesional delivery of MSC-EVs enhances survival, modulates the inflammatory response, and promotes functional recovery after SCI, supporting further translational development of EV-based interventions for SCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.