Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41311123›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2026

Diagnosing Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Excised Tissue Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Ido Badash, Michael Serafino, Adrian Correa, John S Oghalai, Bozena Wrobel, Brian E Applegate, Kevin Hur

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ido BadashCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8512-1738
Michael SerafinoCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Adrian CorreaDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
John S OghalaiCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Bozena WrobelCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Brian E ApplegateCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2795-5678
Kevin HurCaruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

Cochlear mechanics in the mouseR01DC014450 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI John S Oghalai · 2015 to 2026
$5.6M
Mechanisms of cochlear synaptopathy after noise or blast traumaR01DC017741 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI OGHALAI, JOHN S · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
Optical imaging technologies to identify residual cholesteatoma and improve ossiculoplasty outcomesR01EB027113 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI APPLEGATE, BRIAN E. · 2019 to 2022
$2.6M
Otolaryngology Clinician-Scientist Training ProgramR25DC019700 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI John S Oghalai · 2022 to 2026
$1.5M
NIH HHS R01DC014450NIH HHS R01DC017741NIH HHS R01EB027113NIH HHS R25DC019700
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThere is currently no method of diagnosing eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) without histologic evidence of tissue eosinophilia. We aimed to quantify eosinophils in fresh sinonasal tissue using optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non-contact imaging modality, and compare these counts with eosinophils per high-power field (HPF) on histology.

methodsSinonasal tissue was collected from patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS. Half of each sample was sent for histologic processing, and eosinophils per HPF were quantified and averaged over three hematoxylin-and-eosin slides per sample. The other half of each tissue sample was imaged with high-resolution OCT directly without histologic processing, and globules with the appearance of eosinophils were counted and averaged over three images per sample. Mean globule counts in OCT images and eosinophils per HPF on histology were correlated.

resultsSinonasal tissue was collected from 14 patients including six with ECRSwNP (42.9%). Mean globules resembling eosinophils in tissue from patients with ECRSwNP were significantly greater than in other patients (101.9 ± 39.9 vs. 24.3 ± 17.1, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between globule counts on OCT and eosinophils per HPF on histology across all samples (ρ = 0.90, p < 0.001). A cutoff of 45 globules on OCT was 100% sensitive and 87.5% specific for diagnosing ECRSwNP using a cutoff of 55 eosinophils per HPF on histology.

conclusionOCT may be used to diagnose ECRSwNP in excised sinonasal tissue. These results may serve as a proof-of-concept for developing an intranasal OCT system to diagnose ECRSwNP non-invasively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4:

Indexed as

EosinophiliaNasal PolypsRhinitisSinusitisTomography, Optical CoherenceAdultAgedChronic DiseaseEndoscopyEosinophilsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRhinosinusitischronic rhinosinusitiseosinophilsoptical coherence tomographytype 2 inflammation

Identifiers

PMID41311123
PMCPMC13067204

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.