SynthesisArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2026
Exposure to Occupational Inhalants and the Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anti-Modified Protein Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenic, Protective, or Passive Bystander?Immunological reviews · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Although smoking is a well-established risk factor for RA, the role of occupational inhalants in RA development is less well recognized. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize existing evidence on the association between occupational inhalants and the risk of developing RA.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searching MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science from database inception to November 20, 2024. Eligible studies were cross-sectional, were case-control and cohort designs, were population-based, reported original data on occupational inhalant exposures and RA, measured exposures, included a comparison group, and used reliable RA ascertainment methods. Studies relying solely on self-reported RA or focusing on treatment, prognosis, sick leave, or death were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analyses with relative risk were performed for cohort and case-control studies, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I
resultsIn total, 31 studies met inclusion criteria, and 25 were included in meta-analyses across 10 types of occupational inhalants. Significant associations with RA risk were observed for exposure to silica, asbestos, solvents, pesticides, fertilizers, animal dust, and engine exhaust (relative risks ranging from 1.25 to 1.49). Moderate-to-high heterogeneity was observed in seven meta-analyses.
conclusionOccupational inhalants are associated with increased RA risk, underscoring the importance of workplace prevention strategies and further research into biologic mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.