Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41310850›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied clinical medical physics2025

Commissioning a clinical linac for preclinical research of heterogeneous intratumor irradiation with end-to-end tests.

Shuting Wang, MengYao Li, Zhenkai Li, Xiaoying Fan, Yong Yin, Tianyuan Dai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied clinical medical physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shuting WangDepartment of Graduate, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
MengYao LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology Physics and Technology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Zhenkai LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology Physics and Technology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Xiaoying FanDepartment of Graduate, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Yong YinDepartment of Radiation Oncology Physics and Technology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Tianyuan DaiDepartment of Radiation Oncology Physics and Technology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5493-6933

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 12105160National Natural Science Foundation of China 12275162National Natural Science Foundation of China 82072094Shandong Province Higher Education Institutions Youth Innovation Team Development Plan 2024KJJ013Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation ZR2019LZL017Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation ZR2021QA099Taishan Scholars Project of Shandong Province ts201712098Tumor precision radiotherapy peak plan 2021HZ81Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 2022B03019-5Young Talent of Lifting engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong, China SDAST2024QTB034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough it is not clear how the heterogeneous intratumor irradiation pattern affects the biological effect, investigations of the biological effect dependence on the dose and size of the peak region are essential in the current preclinical research. PURPOSE: This work develops and validates a cone-equipped clinical linac platform for heterogeneous intratumor irradiation (HII) of small animals, making translationally relevant preclinical radiobiology studies accessible to more clinical centers.

methodsOutput ratios (ORs) for cones (from 4 mm to 17.5 mm diameters) were measured using Gafchromic EBT3 films on a Varian TrueBeam linac (6 MV FFF beam). Tissue maximum ratios (TMR) and off-axis ratios (OAR) were incorporated into the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) to configure the beam model. End-to-end test was performed using both a mouse phantom and tumor-bearing mice, with dose distributions verified via film dosimetry and γ analysis (3%/3 mm and 3%/2 mm criteria).

resultsThe system achieved millimeter-scale precision, with γ pass rates ≥ 99% (3%/2 mm). Dose distributions confirmed the feasibility of delivering heterogeneous doses (e.g., 14 Gy via 4 mm cone + 2 Gy via 15 mm cone) while sparing normal tissues.

conclusionThis study established a robust preclinical HII platform using clinical linac infrastructure, enabling precise dose delivery for investigating dose-response relationships and supporting future translational research.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsOrgans at RiskParticle AcceleratorsPhantoms, ImagingRadiotherapy, Intensity-ModulatedRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-AssistedAnimalsFilm DosimetryHumansMiceRadiotherapy Dosageclinical linacconical collimatorsend‐to‐end testHeterogeneous intratumor irradiation (HII)small animal irradiation

Identifiers

PMID41310850
PMCPMC12660047

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.