ArticleScientific reports2025
Experimental and modeling studies for the simultaneous removal anionic dyes in single and binary systems using activated clay.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative adsorption performance of bare and chitosan-coated La-Zn-Fe spinel/perovskite nanocomposites for efficient dye removal.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Green synthesis of immobilized hybrid biocomposite from natural waste for dye sequestration: a kinetic and isothermal approach.BMC chemistry · 2026Article
- Ternary layered double hydroxide and its calcined product for Indigo Carmine removal: experimental investigation, DFT, and modelling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The treatment of dyes and pigments represents a significant environmental challenge worldwide. This study investigates the adsorption of Bemacid Blue (BB) and Congo Red (CR) using hydrochloric acid-activated bentonite clay treated at an 8 N concentration (B-8 N), in both single and binary dye systems. The adsorbent material was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The processes of adsorption, desorption, and regeneration were examined. In binary systems at 55 °C, the adsorption capacity for CR (247.72 mg g⁻¹) exceeded that for BB (152 mg g⁻¹). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the Extended Sips and Extended Langmuir isotherms most accurately characterized the adsorption behavior of dyes in the binary system. Desorption with NaOH resulted in the release of 83.82% of CR and 55.23% of BB. The adsorbent maintained high performance over three successive regeneration cycles. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the binary adsorption process is spontaneous. The proposed adsorption mechanism suggests that electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding are the main interactions between the two dyes and the modified bentonite surface. This study underscores the potential of activated clay as a sustainable and highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of anionic dyes from industrial wastewater.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.