ArticleScientific reports2025
Discerning cognitive domains through online assessment in aging participants in Norwegian Cohort 50.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive structure and progression in Parkinson's disease: insights from a tablet-based assessment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Physical function impacts hearing without mediation from systolic blood pressure.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A 6-year cohort study of the associations of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio with cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a significant aspect of aging, varying across domains such as executive function, working memory, and attention. Identifying modifiable risk factors and their domain-specific effects is crucial to mitigating age-related decline. Advances in online cognitive assessments facilitate large-scale studies across diverse populations, offering new opportunities for understanding cognitive aging. This analytical study utilized baseline data from 3215 participants in the PROTECT Norge cohort (aged 50+). Participants completed six cognitive tasks, alongside questionnaires on lifestyle, health, and dementia risk factors. Multivariate analyses, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA), identified latent cognitive constructs. Regression models assessed the effects of aging and risk factors on cognitive performance, adjusting for demographic variables. Two latent cognitive constructs-executive function and working memory-were identified, alongside error-derived components reflecting focused attention and short-term spatial memory. Older age was associated with lower scores in all domains, with the largest effect observed for executive function [- 0.06 standard deviations (SD) per year], followed by working memory (- 0.05 SD per year), focused attention (- 0.03 SD per year), and short-term spatial memory (- 0.01 SD). Known dementia risk factors, such as stroke, smoking, and high blood pressure, significantly impaired cognitive domains, while higher education and employment provided protective effects. Moderate alcohol consumption correlated positively with cognitive outcomes, though excessive consumption had an adverse effect. The study highlights domain-specific associations between age and cognitive functions with age and the varied impact of dementia risk factors. These results highlight the value of multidimensional cognitive assessments in improving our understanding of age-related cognitive changes and the factors that influence them.
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Registered trials
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