ArticleArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2026
Factors Related to Depression Symptoms in Chronic Poststroke Aphasia.
Article in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine relationships of depression symptoms with demographic factors and different types of stroke-related disability and impairment in adults with chronic left-hemisphere stroke and a history of aphasia.
designCross-sectional study.
settingGeneral community.
participantsA convenience sample of (N = 92) chronic left-hemisphere stroke survivors (>6mo) with a history of aphasia and (N = 70) people without stroke participated.
interventionsNot applicable.
main outcome measuresThe Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) measured depression symptoms. The Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 assessed stroke-related disability in Cognitive, Physical, and Social Participation domains, as well as self-perceived Recovery. The Western Aphasia Battery Aphasia Quotient and the NIHSS total motor score measured language and motor impairment. Spearman correlations examined bivariate relationships between variables. Regression Model 1 examined group differences in BDI-II scores, accounting for demographic factors, including age, education, race, sex, socioeconomic status, and antidepressant medication status. Regression Model 2 examined the disability and impairment measures above that predicted BDI-II scores, accounting for the same demographic factors included in Model 1, plus time-since-stroke.
resultsBDI-II scores were on average 3.4 points higher in stroke survivors than controls. Model 1 confirmed that this difference was significant, and found that age was inversely related to BDI-II scores. Bivariate correlations demonstrated that higher BDI-II scores were related to lower stroke impact scale Cognitive, Social Participation, and Recovery scores. Model 2 found that these 3 measures independently predicted BDI-II scores.
conclusionsIn the chronic phase of left-hemisphere stroke with aphasia, cognitive and communication disabilities, social participation, and self-perceived recovery are the primary correlates of depression symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of assessing for depression even long after left-hemisphere stroke and suggest potential targets to improve psychological intervention and rehabilitation.
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