ArticleVeterinary research communications2025
Equine infectious anemia in Brazilian equestrian tourism horses: serological, molecular, and biochemical assessment showing high EIAV seroprevalence and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels.
Article in Veterinary research communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a chronic disease caused by the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a member of the Retroviridae family and the Lentivirus genus. Most infected animals are asymptomatic carriers, which makes clinical diagnosis challenging. This study aimed to conduct a clinical and laboratory evaluation of EIA in equids used for equestrian tourism in Jericoacoara National Park, Ceará, Brazil. A total of 112 equids (104 horses and 8 mules) underwent clinical, hematological, biochemical, serological, and molecular assessments. The EIAV seropositivity rates were 11.6% by AGID, 36.6% by gp90 ELISA, and 25.9% by p26 ELISA. Amplified DNA in the tat-gag PCR assay was detected in 23.2% of the samples. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the genetic diversity of EIAV circulating in Brazil. This diversity may influence immune responses and consequently diagnostic outcomes. A significant correlation was observed between animals seropositive in diagnostic tests for EIAV and the elevated levels of the gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) enzyme, suggesting possible subclinical hepatic involvement. The findings reinforce the value of a comprehensive diagnostic strategy and the monitoring of biochemical parameters in seropositive animals, while also highlighting deficiencies in current EIA control measures.
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