ArticleThe journal of adhesive dentistry2025
Functional Monomer Type Determines the Interfacial Properties of Experimental Self-Adhesive Composites Bonded to Dentin.
Article in The journal of adhesive dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the influence of functional monomer type and powder-to-liquid ratio on the interfacial properties and degree of conversion of experimental self-adhesive flowable resin composites (SAFRCs) bonded to dentin. MATERIALS AND
methodsNine experimental SAFRC formulations were developed by varying the powder-to-liquid ratio (1.9, 2.2, 2.5) and the functional monomers included (10-MDP, GPDM, HEMA). Human molars (n = 27) were restored using each formulation and analyzed using a rheometer to assess viscosity, Raman micro-spectroscopy for inter-diffusion zone (IDZ) width, and degree of conversion at the interface (DC%). Two-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests were performed for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).
resultsRheological testing revealed, as expected, non-Newtonian flow behavior in all composites, with significant effects of both powder-to-liquid ratio (P 0.001) and monomer type (P 0.001) on viscosity. 10-MDP composites exhibited optimal viscosity (1.12-2.86 mPa·s) across all ratios, significantly lower than GPDM and HEMA. Raman mapping showed a distinct IDZ with hybrid characteristics for 10-MDP formulations, contrasting with abrupt transitions or gaps in GPDM and HEMA groups. IDZ width was significantly greater in 10-MDP formulations (P 0.0001). The DC% at the interface was highest for 10-MDP and HEMA formulations, exceeding 68%, while GPDM composites showed lower values (P 0.001).
conclusionFunctional monomer type critically affects the interfacial bonding performance and conversion rate of SAFRCs, with 10-MDP outperforming GPDM and HEMA in interdiffusion and adhesive quality. Variations in powder-to-liquid ratio influenced viscosity but had a limited impact on interfacial performance. Optimized formulations with 10-MDP may enhance the clinical efficacy of SAFRCs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Refining acidic-monomer chemistry and viscosity in SAFRCs could improve their bonding predictability.
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