ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Investigation of the impact of brewing parameters on toxic element and rare earth element contamination in oolong tea.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: With the growing consumption of oolong tea, concerns regarding the leaching of toxic elements and rare earth elements (REEs) during brewing necessitate investigation. Methods: We analyzed 108 oolong teas of diverse origins and varieties. The concentrations of six toxic elements (including Pb, Cd, Al) and fifteen REEs were measured by ICP-MS. The effects of water temperature (90°C, 100°C) and brewing time (5 seconds to 2 hours) on leaching rates were systematically examined. Results: High temperature and long brewing time significantly increased ( Discussion: This study reveals that brewing conditions are critical for elemental migration. To minimize the intake of harmful substances, consumers are advised to shorten the brewing time. We also call for strengthened regulatory standards for toxic elements and REEs in tea. These findings provide a scientific basis for guiding safe tea consumption practices.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.