Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41306339›Full record

ArticleFood science & nutrition2025

Development and Evaluation of Chickpea and Flaxseed-Based Porridge as a Dietary Intervention for Hyperlipidemia in Rats.

Sadia Zahid, Uswa Khawar, Rehma Gulzar, Usman Haider, Ghalia Shamlan, Isam A Mohamed Ahmed, Cristina Maria Maerescu, Florin Leontin Criste, Claudia Terezia Socol, Rana Muhammad Aadil

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In one paragraph

Article in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sadia ZahidDepartment of National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan.
Uswa KhawarDepartment of National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan.
Rehma GulzarDepartment of National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan.
Usman HaiderDepartment of Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan.
Ghalia ShamlanDepartment Food Science and Nutrition College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3095-3430
Isam A Mohamed AhmedDepartment Food Science and Nutrition College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia.
Cristina Maria MaerescuDepartment of Genetics, Department of Animal Science and Technology University of Oradea Oradea Romania.
Florin Leontin CristeDepartment of Genetics, Department of Animal Science and Technology University of Oradea Oradea Romania.
Claudia Terezia SocolDepartment of Genetics, Department of Animal Science and Technology University of Oradea Oradea Romania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-479X
Rana Muhammad AadilDepartment of National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-0096

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a condition of elevated blood lipids. Many natural foods possess hypolipidemic properties when consumed regularly. Purposely in this research chickpea and flaxseed-based porridge was evaluated for its lipid-lowering effect. A 45-day therapeutic trial was conducted using 20 male Wistar rats, which were divided into five groups having four rats in each group. For the induction of hyperlipidemia for all rats, a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) in the form of Vanaspati ghee was mixed with a 55% control diet and was given for 22 days. The experiment included five groups: G0 (normal control), G1 (hyperlipidemic control), and G2-G4 (hyperlipidemic rats) treated with formulated porridge blends T1 (2:1), T2 (1:2), and T3 (1:1) of chickpea and flaxseed for 23 days. Each rat received 30 g of feed daily, comprising 12 g porridge and 18 g basal diet. Lipid profile, liver function tests (LFTs), and renal function tests (RFTs) were evaluated after the intervention. The lipid profile revealed a significant improvement. Liver biomarkers also showed marked reduction. RFT results indicated a significant decrease in urea levels, while creatinine showed nonsignificant changes. Histopathological analysis of the liver, kidney, and heart showed improved tissue structures, with T3 exhibiting the greatest overall improvement due to the balanced ratio of chickpea and flaxseed.

Indexed as

chickpeaflaxseedfunctional foodshigh‐fat diet (HFD)histopathologyhyperlipidemialipid profileporridgesynergistic effect

Identifiers

PMID41306339
PMCPMC12645060

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.