Characterization of Chemically-Induced Endogenous Retroviral Particles in the CHO-K1 Cell Line.

Nicholas B Mattson, Trent J Bosma, Yamei Gao, Sandra M Fuentes, Pei-Ju Chin, Arifa S Khan

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nicholas B MattsonLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Trent J BosmaLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Yamei GaoLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Sandra M FuentesLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Pei-Ju ChinLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Arifa S KhanLaboratory of Retroviruses, Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Review, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Chinese hamster ovary K1 cell line (CHO-K1) constitutively produces retroviral-like particles (RVLPs) containing reverse transcriptase (RT) activity, which, thus far, have not been shown to be infectious. Since infectious retroviruses have been reported in other rodent species, this study was undertaken to investigate the presence of latent, infectious, endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in CHO-K1 cells by using chemical induction assays and detection of activated virus using the highly sensitive, product-enhanced RT (PERT) assay, with subsequent infectivity analysis in cell lines of different species, including human. The results demonstrated activation of A-type and C-type retroviral particles based on transmission electron microscopy and increased production of cell-free RT-particles after treatment of the cells with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-azacytidine, which was greater with dual treatment than with each inducer alone. Induction of A- and C-type particles was confirmed in dual-drug-treated CHO-K1 cells by long-read high-throughput sequence (HTS) analysis. Infectivity studies performed by inoculating human A549, HEK-293, and MRC-5 cells; African green monkey Vero cells;

Indexed as

Endogenous RetrovirusesVirionAnimalsCHO CellsCricetinaeCricetulusHumansVirus ActivationVirus Replication5-azacytidine (AzaC)5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine (IdU)Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells)endogenous retroviruseshigh-throughput sequencing (HTS)product-enhanced reverse transcriptase assay (PERT)retrovirus-like particles (RVLPs)transmission electron microscopy (TEM)virus induction assays

Identifiers

PMID41305433

DOI10.3390/v17111408

PMCPMC12656867

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.