Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41304452›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

Polyethylene Terephthalate-Based Composites with Recycled Flakes and Chemically Resistant Glass Fibres for Construction.

Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski, Paulina Romańska, Radosław Piech, Tomasz M Majka, Adam Michalik, Dariusz Bednarowski, Zuzanna Zawadzka

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Krzysztof Adam OstrowskiFaculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5047-5862
Paulina RomańskaFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7133-8522
Radosław PiechInterdisciplinary Center for Circular Economy, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Tomasz M MajkaInterdisciplinary Center for Circular Economy, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7913-0750
Adam MichalikABB Corporate Technology Center, ul. Starowiślna 13A, 31-038 Cracow, Poland.
Dariusz BednarowskiABB Corporate Technology Center, ul. Starowiślna 13A, 31-038 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2717-0670
Zuzanna ZawadzkaDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.

Funding

National Center for Research and Development, Poland LIDER14/0270/2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the influence of glass fibre (GF) type and content on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based composites containing post-consumer PET flakes, intended for mouldings exposed to cementitious environments (e.g., anchors). Two chemically resistant GFs were compared: alkali-resistant (AR) fibres with soft sizing (SGFs) and electrical-/chemical-resistant (ECR) fibres with hard sizing (HGFs). Composites with fibre contents of 10-60 wt.% were prepared, with detailed analysis focused on 30 to 50 wt.%-the range typical for practical applications. AR fibres experienced greater shortening during processing, and their actual fibre content was lower than the intended value. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed enhanced crystallisation kinetics for SGF composites, with higher crystallinity of the injection-moulded samples and elevated crystallisation temperatures (206-208 °C for SGF vs. 196-197 °C for HGF). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that thermal stability was primarily governed by fibre content; both SGF and HGF composites showed improved resistance compared to neat PET. Mechanical tests demonstrated that both fibre types effectively reinforced the matrix: HGF composites exhibited a higher elastic modulus (20.6 GPa for HGF-50 vs. 18.3 GPa for SGF-50), whereas SGF composites exhibited roughly 10-20% higher tensile, flexural, and impact strength, despite slightly lower fibre content. SEM analysis confirmed more uniform fibre distribution and fewer voids in SGF composites. These results highlight the importance of GF selection for PET composites in alkaline environments, taking into account the properties of the sizing film former and balancing trade-offs between mechanical performance, thermal stability, processability, and economic factors.

Indexed as

alkali-resistant fibrescomposite microstructurecrystallisation behaviourfibre sizingimpact performancemechanical propertiespolyethylene terephthalaterecycled PETthermal degradation

Identifiers

PMID41304452
PMCPMC12656621

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.