Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41303920›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Macroporous Hydroxyapatite-Based Bone Scaffolds Loaded with CAPE Derivatives: A Strategy to Reduce Oxidative Stress and Biofilm Formation.

Paulina Kazimierczak, Marwa Balaha, Krzysztof Palka, Joanna Wessely-Szponder, Michal Wojcik, Viviana di Giacomo, Barbara De Filippis, Agata Przekora

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Paulina KazimierczakDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5893-7168
Marwa BalahaDepartment of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8042-6009
Krzysztof PalkaDepartment of Materials Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4920-4613
Joanna Wessely-SzponderSub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8815-0630
Michal WojcikDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1918-6912
Viviana di GiacomoDepartment of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3332-993X
Barbara De FilippisDepartment of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7718-5814
Agata PrzekoraDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6076-1309

Funding

Ministry of Education and Science in Poland DS 630/2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a polyphenol from propolis, is well recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and osteogenic properties. This study aimed to develop macroporous bone scaffolds composed of a chitosan/agarose matrix reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite and enriched with stable CAPE derivatives to enhance their biomedical potential for applications in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A comprehensive evaluation of microstructural and biological properties of the produced scaffolds was conducted. The fabricated scaffolds exhibited high porosity (49-60%) with interconnected pores and compressive strength (1.2-1.8 MPa), closely resembling cancellous bone and indicating suitability for bone regeneration. They were biocompatible, promoted osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, and supported apatite deposition on their surfaces, demonstrating strong bioactivity and potential for implant osseointegration. Importantly, the scaffolds did not trigger excessive production of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, suggesting a low risk of inflammatory responses. Additionally, CAPE-enriched scaffolds inhibited biofilm formation by

Indexed as

bioactivitybiocompatibilitybiomaterialcytotoxicityosteoblastporosity

Identifiers

PMID41303920
PMCPMC12654509

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.