Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41303630›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

NeXus: An Automated Platform for Network Pharmacology and Multi-Method Enrichment Analysis.

Teh Bee Ping, Mohammad Alia, Bintang Annisa Bagustari, Salah A Alshehade

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Teh Bee PingHerbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-0789-170X
Mohammad AliaDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan.
Bintang Annisa BagustariFaculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Salah A AlshehadeDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-8732-1883

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Network pharmacology is a powerful approach for studying complex drug-target interactions and biological pathways. However, existing tools often require extensive manual intervention and lack integrated analysis capabilities. Here, we present NeXus v1.2, an automated platform for network pharmacology and multi-method enrichment analysis including Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) that addresses these limitations. NeXus v1.2 enables the seamless integration of multi-layer biological relationships, handling complex interactions between genes, compounds, and plants while maintaining analytical rigor. The platform implements three enrichment methodologies: Over-Representation Analysis (ORA), GSEA, and GSVA, circumventing limitations associated with arbitrary threshold-based approaches. NeXus v1.2 was validated using multiple datasets spanning 111 to 10,847 genes, demonstrating robust scalability and performance across dataset sizes. The platform was initially tested using a representative dataset comprising 111 genes, 32 compounds, and 3 plants, showing consistent performance in processing various relationship patterns, including shared compounds between plants and multitargeted genes. The processing time for this dataset was 4.8 s with peak memory usage of 480 MB. Large-scale validation with datasets up to 10,847 genes confirmed scalability, with linear time complexity and completion times under 3 min. NeXus v1.2 automatically generates comprehensive visualizations, including network maps, enrichment analyses, and relationship patterns, while maintaining the biological context of interactions. The tool successfully processed and analyzed enrichment patterns across multiple functional domains, generating publication-quality visualization outputs at 300 DPI resolution. The platform demonstrated enhanced automation in handling incomplete relationship data and maintaining analytical integrity across different biological layers. Compared to manual workflows requiring 15-25 min, NeXus v1.2 reduced the analysis time to under 5 s (>95% reduction) while ensuring the comprehensive coverage of biological relationships. NeXus v1.2 provides improved automation and integration for network pharmacology analysis, offering an efficient and user-friendly platform for complex biological network analysis. Its modular architecture enables the future integration of AI technologies and expansion into various therapeutic applications.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyNetwork PharmacologySoftwareGene Regulatory NetworksHumansautomated analysisbioinformaticsdata visualizationdrug discoveryenrichment analysisGSEAGSVAmulti-layer networknetwork pharmacologyORApathway analysissystems biologytraditional medicine

Identifiers

PMID41303630
PMCPMC12653797

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.