Dichloroacetic Acid Enhances Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Regulated Cell Death in PANC-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line.

Adeolu S Oluremi, Krishnaswamy Kannan, Nawab Ali

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Adeolu S OluremiDepartment of Biology, Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.

Krishnaswamy KannanBiomolecular Integrations, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

Nawab AliDepartment of Biology, Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0995-4965

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by late-stage diagnosis, dense stromal barriers, and resistance to conventional therapies. The tumor microenvironment (TME), marked by hypoxia, aberrant vasculature, and metabolic reprogramming, supports tumor persistence and immune evasion. Targeting metabolic and oxidative vulnerabilities in the TME offers a promising strategy to improve treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the combined effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a precursor to the natural photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a mitochondrial function modulator, in the

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalDichloroacetic AcidPancreatic NeoplasmsPhotochemotherapyAminolevulinic AcidApoptosisCell DeathCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalFerroptosisHumansMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMitochondriaOxidative StressPhotosensitizing AgentsProtoporphyrinsAminolevulinic AcidDichloroacetic AcidPhotosensitizing Agentsprotoporphyrin IXProtoporphyrinsReactive Oxygen Species5-aminolevulinic acidapoptosisdichloroacetic acidferroptosisimmunogenic cell deathoxidative stresspancreatic cancerphotodynamic therapyreactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID41303512

DOI10.3390/ijms262211031

PMCPMC12652728

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.