ArticleMicromachines2025
3D-Printed Microneedles with Controlled Structures for Drug Delivery Study in an Ex Vivo Model.
Article in Micromachines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Next-generation epidermal patches: Bridging 3D and multidimensional printing for biomedical and personal care innovations.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
MN arrays are highly beneficial for transdermal drug delivery, primarily due to reduced pain and improved compliance. However, complex processing and restricted design freedom limit traditional fabrication. We utilized stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing as a breakthrough method to achieve the one-step production of MN arrays with customized geometries (structure, size, tip angle), enabling tunable release profiles and eliminating cumbersome manufacturing steps. After fabricating conical and grooved MN arrays and validating them in an ex vivo porcine skin model, we confirmed their functionality. Notably, the grooved design provided excellent penetration, requiring only 2.2 N of force for full insertion (at 18.92° tip angle), and demonstrated an enhanced drug loading capacity of 4.8 μg released over 2 h. These results underscore the significant potential of 3D-printed, channel-structured MN arrays as a new generation of high-performance transdermal delivery devices.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.