Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41302599›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

The Housing Instability Scale: Determining a Cutoff Score and Its Utility for Contextualizing Health Outcomes in People Who Use Drugs.

Fawaz Shanun, Daniel Jackson Smith, Beatrice King, Lydia Vlachou, Roesheen McGilvery, Stella Zine, Hayden Henderson, Emily Reichman, Nadiah Cunningham, Morgan Zare and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Fawaz ShanunRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Daniel Jackson SmithSchool of Nursing, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4471-8885
Beatrice KingOpioid Program, Fulton County Board of Health, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Lydia VlachouRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-3908-2652
Roesheen McGilveryGeorgia Harm Reduction Coalition, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
Stella ZineNational Survivors' Union, Greensboro, NC 27304, USA.
Hayden HendersonPositive Impact Health Centers, Decatur, GA 30030, USA.
Emily ReichmanNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Room 220, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Nadiah CunninghamNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Room 220, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Morgan ZareGeorgia Harm Reduction Coalition, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
Sarah Febres-CorderoNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Room 220, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4321-7720

Funding

High Heat and Human Health: The Impacts of Heatwaves on Kidney Disease and Data Driven Solutions (The 4H Proposal)K01NR021272 · NINR · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Daniel Jackson Smith · 2024 to 2026
$486k
National Institutes of Health/National Institutes of Nursing Research K01NR021272.NCIPC CDC HHS R49 CE003072NINR NIH HHS K01 NR021272The Injury Prevention Research Center at Emory (IPRCE) Core's Pilot Research Program (PReP), CDC Funding source is R49CE003072; Emory award ID: 0000047964
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

(1) Background: Housing instability, a key social determinant of health, disproportionately affects people who use drugs (PWUD), increasing their risk for adverse outcomes. This study explores the relationship between housing status and drug-related health outcomes among PWUD in an urban setting in the Southeastern United States (US) and determines the cutoff point for the Housing Instability Scale (HIS). (2) Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey from July to November 2024 among adult PWUD. Recruitment was through syringe services programs (SSPs), nightlife venues, and community outreach. HIS was used to assess housing status, while cluster analysis and Gaussian Mixture Modeling (GMM) were used to suggest a potential cutoff. Logistic regression models were employed to examine associations between housing instability and health outcomes. (3) Results: Among 164 participants (mean age = 41.2; 79.9% Black/African American), the average HIS score was 3.23. Cluster analysis suggested a singular cutoff, while GMM suggested four levels of housing instability. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that housing instability was significantly associated with infections (AOR = 1.55,

Indexed as

Drug UsersHousingCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSubstance-Related DisordersYoung Adultcut-offdrug-related health outcomeshousing instabilitypeople who use drugs (PWUD)

Identifiers

PMID41302599
PMCPMC12652044

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.