Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41302285›Full record

ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Multifactorial Causal Analysis of Workplace Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) and Psychological Stress Among Teaching Professionals for Adult Learners: A Narrative Review.

Kizhakematumal Jijo Alex, Faris Abdullah, Mohd Hafiidz Jaafar, Mark Harris Zuknik, Norhaniza Amil, Zitty Sarah Ismail

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kizhakematumal Jijo AlexSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Faris AbdullahOccupational Safety and Health Unit, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4102-9710
Mohd Hafiidz JaafarSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Mark Harris ZuknikSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Norhaniza AmilSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Zitty Sarah IsmailFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and psychological stress remain major occupational health challenges among teaching professionals in adult education, yet their interconnected causes are often underexplored. This narrative review aims to identify multifactorial risk factors that contribute to these conditions and to propose a comprehensive framework that enhances understanding of teaching professionals' well-being. A systematic synthesis of recent epidemiological and occupational health studies was conducted to analyse both immediate and underlying determinants across human, workplace, organisational, and socioeconomic dimensions. The findings reveal that more than two-thirds of teaching professionals experience WMSDs, particularly in the neck and lower back, while psychological stress affects over seventy percent globally. The combined effects of poor ergonomics, prolonged static postures, excessive workload, and limited organisational support contribute significantly to both physical and psychological strain. Broader contextual influences such as job insecurity, insufficient institutional resources, and societal undervaluation further intensify these risks. The review identifies a reciprocal relationship between physical discomfort and psychological distress, where each condition amplifies the other through behavioural and physiological mechanisms. The proposed integrative framework establishes a foundation for targeted interventions and evidence-based policy, promoting a shift toward holistic, system-oriented approaches to occupational health for teaching professionals in professional education settings.

Indexed as

adult learnersoccupational ergonomicsstressteaching professionalsworkplace safety and healthwork-related musculoskeletal disorder

Identifiers

PMID41302285
PMCPMC12652560

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.