ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Assessment of Elbow Joint Incongruity as a Primary Cause of Canine Elbow Dysplasia: Comparative Imaging Analysis Using CT and Radiography in 108 Dogs-A Retrospective Study.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Frequency and Coexistence of Ununited Anconeal Process with Other Primary Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIncongruity is a primary cause of elbow dysplasia. The aims of this study included assessing the prevalence of incongruity, determining reference ranges for joint space widths of the elbow joints in asymptomatic animals, and analyzing the correlations between incongruity and other primary causes of elbow dysplasia.
methodsThe study was conducted in 108 dogs of different sexes and aged from 3 to 15 months. The animals were divided into two groups: group I (50 dogs) comprising healthy animals and group II (58 dogs) comprising sick animals.
resultsAll the dogs in group I were considered healthy. In these dogs, the mean radioulnar "step" height based on the X-ray examination was 0.85 ± 0.33 mm, the mean joint space width of the humeroulnar joint assessed in the computed tomography (CT) examination was 1.34 ± 0.34 mm, and the mean joint space width of the humeroradial joint was 1.43 ± 0.31 mm. In group II, incongruity was detected in 30 and 41 dogs based on the X-ray and CT scan images, respectively. The mean radioulnar "step" height in the dogs with incongruity based on the X-ray examination was 2.05 ± 0.53 mm, while that in the CT examination was 2.33 ± 0.74 mm. The mean joint space width of the humeroulnar joint based on the computed tomography (CT) examination was 3.189 ± 1.03 mm, and the mean joint space width of the humeroradial joint was 2.916 ± 0.702 mm. The most common diagnosis was a combination of incongruity with medial coronoid process disease.
conclusionsBased on the conducted studies, the following reference values were determined: for the height of the radioulnar "step" measured on radiographs, 0.3-1.5 mm; for the height of the radioulnar "step" measured in the CT examination, 0-1.5 mm; for the width of the joint space of the humeroulnar joint measured on MPR images in the sagittal section, 0.8-2.2 mm; and, for the width of the joint space of the humeroradial joint measured on MPR images in the sagittal section, 0.7-2.5 mm. An elbow incongruity was the most frequently diagnosed primary cause of elbow dysplasia, most often occurring in combination with other causes, particularly medial coronoid process disease.
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