The Effects of Extrinsic Values on Unethical Decision Making and Behaviour.

Paton Pak Chun Yam, Su Lu, Allan B I Bernardo, Lisbeth Ku

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Paton Pak Chun YamFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.

Su LuFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3235-8256

Allan B I BernardoDepartment of Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines.ORCID 0000-0003-3938-266X

Lisbeth KuFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7334-5910

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engaging in unethical behaviours, such as cheating, lying, stealing and fraud, holds significant consequences for individuals and the broader community. Drawing on self-determination theory, we posit that in a consumer-centric society, where one's worth is often linked to wealth, celebrity status, and appearance, individuals who adopt extrinsic values might be motivated to engage in unethical behaviour in pursuit of financial gains. Study 1 surveyed university students in Macao, China (

Indexed as

cross-cultural researchexperimental manipulationself-determination theoryunethical behaviourvalue orientation

Identifiers

PMID41301280

DOI10.3390/bs15111479

PMCPMC12649660

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.