ArticleBMC women's health2025
Prevalence of mammography and cytopathological exams before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in BMC women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
contextBreast and cervical cancer are major public health issues, with high morbidity and mortality rates globally. In 2020, there were an estimated 2.3 million new breast cancer cases and 604,000 new cervical cancer cases worldwide. In Brazil, significant numbers of new cases were projected annually during the 2020-2022 period. Screening for these cancers through mammography and Cytopathologicals is recommended by the World Health Organization.
objectiveTo describe the prevalence of self-reported mammography and cytopathological exams according to sociodemographic characteristics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsPanel study with data from the Risk and Protection Factor Surveillance for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL), from 2012 to 2022. The outcomes were mammography in the last two years and cytopathological exams in the last three years. The proportions and 95% confidence intervals were described for the pre-pandemic period (2012-2020) and the pandemic period (2021-2022).
resultsThe groups with the largest decreases in the prevalence of mammography were those aged 45-54 years, married, with 12 or more years of education, living in the South region, and Indigenous people. For the cytopathological exam, the groups with the largest declines were those aged 25-34 years, white skin, and residents of the South region.
conclusionThere was a decrease in the prevalence of both exams, especially among educated women, white women, and those living in the South region.
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