Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41299409›Full record

SynthesisBMC health services research2025

Health financing policies for aging populations: a comparative study of seven countries.

Bashir Azimi Nayebi, Rouhollah Yaghoubi, Behzad Najafi, Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq

Abstract readComparative StudySystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bashir Azimi NayebiDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-2755
Rouhollah YaghoubiDepartment of Health Management and Economics, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9148
Behzad NajafiDepartment of Health Economics, School of Management & Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-3774
Rahim Khodayari-ZarnaqDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. rahimzarnagh@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1626-4505

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlobal population aging presents unprecedented challenges for healthcare systems, particularly in developing nations where demographic shifts strain existing infrastructure. This study investigates health financing mechanisms for older adult populations across seven representative countries (Argentina, Cuba, Russia, Romania, Thailand, Ukraine, and Sri Lanka) to identify policy solutions for sustainable geriatric care.

methodsEmploying Arksey and Malley’s scoping review framework, we systematically analyzed peer-reviewed literature from five major databases (Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest) and grey sources. Our methodology focused on three key financing models: government-subsidized programs, insurance schemes, and out-of-pocket expenditure systems.

resultsComparative analysis revealed that all seven nations have established distinct older adult healthcare financing approaches. A universal consensus emerged regarding the necessity of: age-specific policy frameworks, guaranteed service accessibility, and financial risk protection mechanisms. Notably, each country demonstrated heightened policy attention proportional to their aging population growth rates.

conclusionThe final review found that in the policies developed and implemented in the seven countries: age-specific policies, access to services, and financial risk protection mechanisms were consistently emphasized as the most important features. However, there were significant variations in implementation approaches, which were broadly categorized into three models: tax-based systems, social health insurance, and hybrid models.

Indexed as

Financing, GovernmentHealthcare FinancingHealth PolicyHealth Services for the AgedDeveloping CountriesHealth Services AccessibilityHumansRomaniaRussiaSri LankaThailandUkraineAgingFinancial supportHealthcare financingHealth policySeniorsUniversal health coverage

Identifiers

PMID41299409
PMCPMC12659251

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.