Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41299123›Full record

Trial reportInfection2026

Live microbials to boost Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity clinical trial (Live BASIC trial): a triple-blind randomized controlled trial.

Daniel B Horton, Rahul Ukey, Abhilasha Madhvi, Tracy Andrews, Veenat Parmar, Nancy Reilly, Sanna M Mäkelä, Jonathan Peterson, Leah Hustad, Gloriana Wong and 12 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04847349 (Live Microbials to Boost Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04847349 nacompletednot on this map

Live Microbials to Boost Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Clinical Trial (Live BASIC Trial)

TypeinterventionalSponsorRutgers, The State University of New JerseyRan2021 to 2022Enrolled54ConditionsCovid19ArmsOL-1, standard dose, OL-1, high dose, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Daniel B HortonDepartment of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. daniel.horton@rutgers.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-1339
Rahul UkeyPublic Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Abhilasha MadhviPublic Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Tracy AndrewsDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Veenat ParmarCenter for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Nancy ReillyRutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Sanna M MäkeläIFF Health & Biosciences, Kantvik, Finland.
Jonathan PetersonIFF Health & Biosciences, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Leah HustadCME Clinical Consulting, Fargo, ND, USA.
Gloriana WongVesta Healthcare, New York, NY, USA.
Emily S BarrettDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Natalie BruinersPublic Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Jeffrey L CarsonDepartment of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Kylie GetzDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Patricia GreenbergDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Alicia IizukaRutgers Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Science, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Jason RoyDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Alexander W PastuszakDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Markus J LehtinenIFF Health & Biosciences, Kantvik, Finland.
Martin J BlaserCenter for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Reynold A PanettieriRutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Maria Laura GennaroDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES005022 · NIEHS · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI BRIAN T BUCKLEY · 1988 to 2026
$47.4M
New Jersey Alliance for Clinical Translational Science: NJ ACTSUL1TR003017 · NCATS · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL/HEALTH SCIENCES-RBHS · PI PANETTIERI, REYNOLD ALEXANDER · 2019 to 2023
$28.9M
NJ ACTS: A Platform for Translational Science in New JerseyUM1TR004789 · NCATS · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Reynold Alexander Panettieri · 2024 to 2026
$16.8M
COVID-19 Network of Networks Expanding Clinical and Translational approaches to Predict Severe Illness in Children (CONNECT to Predict SIck Children)R33HD105619 · NICHD · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GENNARO, MARIA LAURA, HORTON, DANIEL BENJAMIN · 2023 to 2023
$3.0M
Cohort and biomarkers for COVID-19 severity, natural history, and reinfectionR01AI158911 · NIAID · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BARRETT, EMILY S, BLASER, MARTIN J · 2021 to 2023
$2.6M
COVID-19 Network of Networks Expanding Clinical and Translational approaches to Predict Severe Illness in Children (CONNECT to Predict SIck Children)R61HD105619 · NICHD · RBHS-ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI GENNARO, MARIA LAURA, HORTON, DANIEL BENJAMIN · 2021 to 2022
$1.6M
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R61HD105619, R33HD105619National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01AI158911NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003017NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR003017, UM1TR004789NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004789NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158911NICHD NIH HHS R33 HD105619NICHD NIH HHS R61 HD105619NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES005022NIEHS NIH HHS P30ES005022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWith waning immunity and vaccine hesitancy, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose risks. A live microbial consortium (OL-1) with bacteria containing potentially cross-reactive antigens (CRAGs) stimulates anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in vitro/vivo. We evaluated OL-1's efficacy in enhancing anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in unvaccinated, previously infected adults.

methodsWe conducted a pilot, parallel-group, triple-blind randomized controlled trial in 2021-2022 involving 52 generally healthy adults ages 18-60, unvaccinated against COVID-19, with SARS-CoV-2 infection ≥ 4 months prior. Participants received 21 days of either standard-dose OL-1, high-dose OL-1, or placebo. The primary outcome was change in plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers from baseline to Day 21. Secondary efficacy outcomes included changes through Day 42, interferon gamma (IFNg) release from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and new SARS-CoV-2 infections. Safety was assessed through adverse events.

resultsSignificant increases in plasma IgG levels were observed by Day 42 in the standard-dose OL-1 group (n = 17) compared to placebo (n = 18) (p = 0.02). No significant changes were observed in the high-dose group (n = 17). Marginal increases in IFNg release were observed in standard-dose recipients after stimulation with CD4+-specific CRAG and SARS-CoV-2 peptides and TLR7 ligands; only changes post-TLR7 ligand stimulation were significant. No new SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected. The most common adverse events overall were mild gastrointestinal symptoms; headaches were more frequent in OL-1 recipients.

conclusionThe live microbial consortium OL-1 was well-tolerated and associated with slightly increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in previously infected, unvaccinated adults at standard, but not high, dosage. Further research should confirm these findings and their clinical implications in larger populations. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04847349) on April 14, 2021.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2AdolescentAdultAntibodies, ViralFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaLeukocytes, MononuclearMaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsYoung AdultAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaCOVID-19ProbioticsRandomized controlled trialSecondary prevention

Identifiers

PMID41299123
PMCPMC12864199

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.