Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41298867›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2025

Differentiation between anti-CASPR2 encephalitis with initial psychiatric symptoms and primary psychiatric disorders, and a diagnostic prediction model: a prospective descriptive study.

Xiaohong Qin, Yunsen He, Fugui Jiang, Xuemei Liu, Xuemei Zhong, Jun Xiao, Bo Wu, Mengjun Zhang, Lili Guo, Bo Zhou and 1 more

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Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xiaohong QinSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7882-0119
Yunsen HeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Lansheng Brain Hospital & Shanghai Lansheng Brain Hospital Investment Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610036, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-6194
Fugui JiangSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Xuemei LiuSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Xuemei ZhongSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Jun XiaoSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Bo WuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
Mengjun ZhangSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4594-5564
Lili GuoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1416-1513
Bo ZhouSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. tonyac7721@163.com.
Jieying LiSichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. jieyingli1983@Hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0576-1891

Funding

Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of Guizhou Province 2022NSFSC1556Technology Project of Chengdu of China 2022-YF05 -01607-SN
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (anti-CASPR2) encephalitis is highly susceptible to misdiagnosis as a primary psychiatric disorder when isolated psychiatric symptoms occur in its early stage.

methodsData on patients with acute or subacute psychiatric symptoms from January 2023 to March 2024 were collected and divided into an anti-CASPR2 encephalitis group (case group) and a primary psychiatric disorder group (control group). The differences between the two groups were evaluated, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify significant predictors of anti-CASPR2 encephalitis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive performance and clinical utility of the anti-CASPR2 encephalitis model.

resultsThe study included 18 patients with anti-CASPR2 encephalitis and 14 with primary psychiatric disorders. Patients in the case group were older on average and had a shorter onset time compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The case group reported fewer social life events and had a higher prevalence of positive cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and serum CASPR2 antibodies (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression identified older age, shorter onset time and abnormal cranial MRI findings as independent risk factors for anti-CASPR2 encephalitis. The predictive model demonstrated high concordance with clinical observations and strong clinical utility.

conclusionAnti-CASPR2 encephalitis is more likely to occur in elderly patients with an acute onset, fewer social stressors, and abnormal cranial MRI findings. This diagnostic prediction model provides a reliable tool for the early differentiation between anti-CASPR2 encephalitis and primary psychiatric disorders.

Indexed as

AutoantibodiesEncephalitisMembrane ProteinsMental DisordersNerve Tissue ProteinsAdultAgedDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesAutoantibodiesCNTNAP2 protein, humanMembrane ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsAutoimmune encephalitisCASPR2Prediction modelPrimary psychiatric disorders

Identifiers

PMID41298867

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