Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41297003›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2026

Characterization of H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b isolated from Ezo red fox in Japan in a mouse model.

Shintaro Shichinohe, Takahiro Hiono, Yasushi Itoh, Kosuke Takada, Yurie Kida, Pei Wang, Daisuke Motooka, Norikazu Isoda, Ayato Takada, Yoshihiro Sakoda and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shintaro ShichinoheDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-8783-2103
Takahiro HionoLaboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yasushi ItohDivision of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7462-2193
Kosuke TakadaDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Yurie KidaDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Pei WangDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Daisuke MotookaGenome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Norikazu IsodaLaboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ayato TakadaInternational Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yoshihiro SakodaLaboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7021-1688
Tokiko WatanabeDepartment of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6461-5379

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP19fk0108113, JP223fa627002, JP22am0401030, JP233fa827018, JP22gm1610010Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP223fa627008Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22H02521Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22H02876, JP24K09264Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP24K02283Takeda Science Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has spread in wild birds and poultry worldwide. H5N1 HPAIV belonging to the currently predominant clade 2.3.4.4b has infected not only birds but also mammals (wild and domestic animals), with several human infections also being reported, raising concerns for public health. In 2022, a clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV strain, A/Ezo red fox/Hokkaido/1/2022 (H5N1; Fox/Hok/1/22), was isolated from an Ezo red fox (

Indexed as

FoxesInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsAmino Acid SubstitutionAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleInfluenza in BirdsJapanLungMiceViral ProteinsVirulenceViral ProteinsH5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virusmouse modelpathogenicity

Identifiers

PMID41297003
PMCPMC12772316

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.