Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41296671›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2026

Association of Socioeconomic Position with Incident Hypertension Hospitalization and Blood Pressure Control among Participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.

Lama Ghazi, Cora E Lewis, Byron C Jaeger, Catarina I Kiefe, Kathryn Foti, Kelley P Gabriel, Norrina B Allen, Marwah Abdalla, Phillip D Levy, Shakia T Hardy and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lama GhaziDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9930-3575
Cora E LewisDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Byron C JaegerDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.
Catarina I KiefeDepartment of Population, Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
Kathryn FotiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Kelley P GabrielDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Norrina B AllenDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Marwah AbdallaDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Phillip D LevyDepartment of Emergency Medicine and Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Shakia T HardyDepartment of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9211-0474
Paul MuntnerDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.

Funding

Investigator Development CoreP50MD017338 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BASKIN, MONICA L. · 2021 to 2025
$27.7M
CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY - COORDINATING CENTER (CC)75N92023D00002 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LI, JING · 2023 to 2025
$6.8M
CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY - OAKLAND FIELD CENTER75N92023D00003 · NHLBI · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI BHATT, ANKEET S. · 2023 to 2025
$2.2M
CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY - BIRMINGHAM FIELD CENTER75N92023D00005 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LEWIS, CORA · 2023 to 2025
$2.2M
CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY - CHICAGO FIELD CENTERDIVERSITY SUPPLEMENT FOR MORGANN WEST75N92023D00004 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI CARNETHON, MERCEDES · 2023 to 2025
$2.1M
CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA FIELD CENTER.75N92023D00006 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI SCHREINER, PAMELA J · 2023 to 2025
$1.7M
NHLBI NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHS 75N92023D00002NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92023D00003NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92023D00004NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92023D00005NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92023D00006NIMHD NIH HHS P50 MD017338
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe rate of hypertension hospitalizations is increasing among US adults. Individuals with low socioeconomic position are more likely to have high blood pressure (BP), which may increase their risk of hypertension hospitalization and adverse post-discharge outcomes.

methodsWe analyzed data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study, which enrolled 5115 adults aged 18 to 30 years from 4 urban US communities in 1985-1986. Hospitalizations were identified by self-report during study exams and annual interviews, with hypertension hospitalizations determined through medical record review, through August 2020. Socioeconomic position included education, family income, having private health insurance, and neighborhood deprivation assessed at the last study visit prior to the hypertension hospitalization. Uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mmHg) was determined at the first CARDIA study visit after hypertension hospitalization.

resultsOverall, 67 CARDIA participants were hospitalized for hypertension. The hazard ratio of hypertension hospitalization among participants who had less than high school vs high school or more education was 3.12 [95% CI, 1.78-5.48], whose family income was <$25,000 vs ≥$25,000 was 2.43 [95% CI, 1.44-4.11], who had no private vs private insurance was 2.58 [95% CI, 1.56-4.28] and those in tertile 3 vs tertile 1 of neighborhood deprivation index (most vs least deprived) was 3.06 [95% CI, 1.23-7.58]. Among 46 participants who attended a CARDIA study visit following hospital discharge, 23 (50%) had uncontrolled BP.

conclusionAdults with low socioeconomic position were more likely to be hospitalized for hypertension. Uncontrolled BP was common following hypertension hospitalization.

Indexed as

Blood PressureHospitalizationHypertensionSocial ClassSocial Determinants of HealthAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesYoung Adultblood pressure controlhospitalizationhypertensionsocioeconomic position

Identifiers

PMID41296671
PMCPMC13168809

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.