Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41296251›Full record

ReviewLa Radiologia medica2026

Incidental pulmonary findings on CT in daily practice: the nodule and the interstitial lung abnormalities - what's old, what's new.

Giorgio Maria Masci, Luca Giuliani, Roberto Romiti, Michele Massaro, Cosimo Nardi, Flaminia De Cristofaro, Valeria Panebianco, Carlo Catalano, Nicholas Landini

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in La Radiologia medica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Giorgio Maria MasciDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Luca GiulianiDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Roberto RomitiDepartment of Internal Medicine and Atherosclerosis Prevention, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Michele MassaroDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Cosimo NardiDepartment of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
Flaminia De CristofaroDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Valeria PanebiancoDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Carlo CatalanoDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Nicholas LandiniDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy. nicholas.landini@uniroma1.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2928-3003

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growing use of computed tomography (CT) in clinical practice has led to an increase in incidental pulmonary findings, with nodules being among the most commonly encountered. Managing these nodules remains a significant challenge in clinical radiology. In addition to nodules, interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) have emerged as a newly defined entity, necessitating recognition to prevent underestimation and misinterpretation, as well as to guide appropriate management. This review aims to examine the interpretation of incidental pulmonary nodules, providing clarity on their management and addressing gaps not covered by the 2017 Fleischner Society Guidelines. Additionally, we focus on recent updates related to ILA classification, as outlined by the Fleischner Society, and highlight key radiologic features critical for distinguishing ILAs from non-ILA alterations. Finally, we explore the potential future developments in the evaluation of ILAs, offering insights into how the radiologists' role in managing these abnormalities may evolve.

Indexed as

Incidental FindingsLung Diseases, InterstitialLung NeoplasmsMultiple Pulmonary NodulesSolitary Pulmonary NoduleTomography, X-Ray ComputedDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansComputed tomographyIncidental findingsInterstitial lung abnormalitiesInterstitial lung diseasesPractice guidelines as topicSolitary pulmonary nodule

Identifiers

PMID41296251
PMCPMC12982265

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.