ReviewMolecular biology reports2025
M2 macrophage polarization in allogeneic skin transplantation: from intrinsic mechanisms to clinical prospects for immune tolerance.
Review in Molecular biology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serine protease inhibitor from Trichinella spiralis ameliorates diet-induced obesity and adipose tissue inflammation through TIM-3-dependent macrophage reprogramming.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The role of macrophage polarization in organ transplantation: research progress on impact on graft injury, repair, and fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunoguided cutaneous regeneration: a theoretical framework linking extracellular matrix, immunity, and skin allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Allogeneic skin transplantation is a critical method for treating extensive burns, trauma, and skin defects; however, its success is severely limited by immune rejection, driven by complex interactions between innate and adaptive immunity. Macrophages, particularly their polarization states, play pivotal yet dual roles in this process. While M1 macrophages exacerbate inflammation and graft damage, M2-polarized macrophages emerge as critical regulators of immune tolerance. Manipulating macrophages to polarize into M2 can not only reduce graft rejection but also induce immune tolerance, thereby promoting graft survival. M2 macrophages effectively inhibit transplant rejection by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines, suppressing T-cell activation, and fostering the differentiation of immunosuppressive cells. This review delineates the immunological basis of skin allograft rejection, the intrinsic mechanisms governing M2 polarization, and the role of M2 macrophages in inducing immune tolerance in allogeneic skin transplantation. The discussion provides a theoretical foundation for novel immunosuppressive strategies and underscores M2 macrophages as therapeutic targets to improve transplant outcomes, bridging mechanistic insights to clinical innovation. Safer and more effective immunomodulatory strategies are anticipated to increase the success rate of allogeneic skin transplantation and enhance patient quality of life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41296160What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.