Seasonal Variations in Training Load, Sleep Parameters, and Hormonal Markers in Collegiate Male Rowers During the Off-Season.

Junta Iguchi, Masaki Takimoto, Kenji Kuzuhara, Tatsuya Hojo, Yoshihiko Fujisawa

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Junta IguchiDepartment of Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621855, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5214-0262

Masaki TakimotoDepartment of Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621855, Japan.ORCID 0009-0007-6060-7786

Kenji KuzuharaDepartment of Athletic Training and Conditioning, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Toyota 4700393, Aichi, Japan.

Tatsuya HojoFaculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6100394, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7582-6753

Yoshihiko FujisawaFaculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 6100394, Japan.

Funding

The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI 24K14592

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdequate sleep is essential for recovery and performance in athletes. Internal and external training loads closely relate to sleep, but few studies have examined their distinct off-season effects. This study investigated the relationships among training load, hormonal markers, and sleep parameters in collegiate male rowers.

methodsEleven rowers were monitored over 4 months (October 2022-January 2023). Internal load was assessed via session ratings of perceived exertion, external load by accelerometry-based indicators, sleep variables by actigraphy and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and hormonal status via salivary cortisol and testosterone. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and correlation and regression analyses were applied.

resultsTraining load showed significant temporal variation (

conclusionsInternal and external loads exerted distinct influences on sleep, supporting the hypothesis that both must be monitored. Sleep duration and efficiency emerged as modifiable targets for optimizing recovery and performance in athletes.

Indexed as

seasonal variationsleep parameterstraining load

Identifiers

PMID41295790

DOI10.3390/sports13110407

PMCPMC12655987

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.