ArticleVaccines2025
Sporadic Outbreaks of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Viruses Highly Similar to the S95 Live Attenuated Vaccine Strain in Japan: A Comparative Study of Ten Field Isolates and S95.
Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAs infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains similar to the IBV S95 live attenuated vaccine strain have been occasionally detected in poultry farms in Japan, we investigated the suspicion that outbreaks of the disease were related to the S95 vaccine.
methodsWe isolated ten S95 vaccine-like strains, classified in the JP-I genotype of S1, the VIb (Y-4) genogroup of S2, and the GI-18 lineage, from IBV-affected chickens in Japan between 2020 and 2024. The whole-genome sequence and adaptation to embryonated chicken eggs were investigated. We developed a method for distinguishing the S95 vaccine strain from S95-like wild-type strains using specific primer sets having either the S95 vaccine or S95 parent-specific nucleotide at the 3' termini of primers on the
resultsNine of ten S95 vaccine-like strains lacked identical mutations to the
conclusionsThe ten S95-like strains appear not to have emerged from the S95 vaccine strain. Instead, sporadic outbreaks of S95 vaccine-like IBV strains in Japan were indicated. A method for distinguishing and excluding the S95-like wild-type strains as suspected revertants of the S95 vaccine may be utilized for comprehensive IBV surveillance to facilitate development of a vaccination strategy.
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