ArticleMembranes2025
Evaluation of End-of-Life Reverse Osmotic Membrane for High-Retention Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor.
Article in Membranes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Following on from a circular economy in water, membrane technologies can play a role in resource recovery and high-quality water production but should also consider membrane industry circularity. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are being used for advanced wastewater treatment, and their applications are growing due to advantages like lower sludge volume, better permeate quality, and the generation of biogas. High-Rejection (HR) AnMBRs retain a higher fraction of dissolved and particulate components to further promote resource recovery and obtain improved effluent quality. With the development of membrane technologies, end-of-life (EOL) membrane recycling is emerging for various applications. The feasibility of transforming EOL Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes into ultrafiltration (UF)- and nanofiltration (NF)-like membranes and applying these membranes to submerged HR-AnMBR applications was evaluated. A small pilot AnMBR with granular biomass was operated with EOL RO membranes converted to submerged UF- and NF-like membranes and compared to commercial microfiltration (MF) membranes. UF- and NF-like plates were constructed, characterized, and introduced step-by-step into the AnMBR by the substitution of MF plates. A chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal study showed that while 77% removal of COD was possible with MF membranes, improved COD removal (i.e., 81.40% and 88.39%) was achieved using UF-like and NF-like membranes, respectively. Because of the higher retention of salts of the NF-like membrane, the salinity in the membrane bioreactor increased from 1300 to 1680 µS·cm
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