Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41294838›Full record

ArticleCells2025

CpG ODN Activates TLR9 and Upregulates TLR3 via the p38 MAPK-ATF3 Signaling Axis to Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell Vaccine Efficacy.

Lv Zhou, Zhuowei Lei, Qian Jiang, Linpeng Xu, Quanji Wang, Yimin Huang, Ting Lei

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lv ZhouSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Zhuowei LeiSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Qian JiangSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Linpeng XuSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Quanji WangSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Yimin HuangSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.
Ting LeiSino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430030, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3241-7567

Funding

Beijing Celarts Biosciences Group Co., Ltd 2021045National Natural Science Foundation of China 82203683National Natural Science Foundation of China 82403611
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), which are widely expressed in dendritic cells (DCs), function as key pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the immune system. Their primary roles involve specifically detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs): TLR9 recognizes unmethylated CpG motifs predominantly found in bacterial and viral DNA, while TLR3 identifies viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecular signature associated with viral replication. Their specific agonists [CpG ODN (a TLR9 agonist) and poly(I:C) (a TLR3 agonist)] can effectively activate DCs and enhance the expression of immune activation-related molecules. In this study, by establishing a mouse primary dendritic cell model and a glioma-bearing mouse model, and employing techniques such as transcriptome sequencing, we found that combined stimulation with CpG ODN and poly(I:C) significantly enhanced the anti-tumor function of DCs: in vitro, DCs subjected to combined stimulation showed upregulation of anti-tumor-related surface markers, enhanced migratory capacity, and a more effective activation of CD8

Indexed as

Activating Transcription Factor 3Cancer VaccinesDendritic CellsOligodeoxyribonucleotidesp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesToll-Like Receptor 3Toll-Like Receptor 9AnimalsCell Line, TumorGliomaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPoly I-CSignal TransductionUp-RegulationActivating Transcription Factor 3Atf3 protein, mouseCancer VaccinesCPG-oligonucleotideOligodeoxyribonucleotidesp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesPoly I-CTLR3 protein, mouseTlr9 protein, mouseToll-Like Receptor 3Toll-Like Receptor 9dendritic cell vaccinegliomaimmunotherapytoll-like receptor

Identifiers

PMID41294838
PMCPMC12650962

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.