Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41294363›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of neurology2025

Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Poor Neurological Outcomes Following Infectious Encephalitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Thomas Johnson, Mia Venables, Babak Soleimani, Laurissa Havins, Annapoorna Kannan, Gregory Holt, Jonathan Cleaver, Adam E Handel, Ava Easton, Defne Saatci and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Thomas JohnsonOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1817-9817
Mia VenablesOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Babak SoleimaniOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Laurissa HavinsOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Annapoorna KannanOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Gregory HoltOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jonathan CleaverNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Adam E HandelNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ava EastonInfection Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK.
Defne SaatciNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lahiru HandunnetthiOxford Laboratory for Neuroimmunology and Immunopsychiatry, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council (MRC) UK MR/V007173/1Medical Research Council (MRC) UK MR/X022013/1National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)NC3Rs APP50857Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesInfectious encephalitis is a serious global health problem linked to high rates of mortality and morbidity. However, clinical and laboratory factors that impact neurological outcomes following infectious encephalitis remain poorly understood. Accordingly, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and laboratory factors influencing neurological outcomes following infectious encephalitis.

methodsWe searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to 25th September 2023 for observational studies that reported on neurological outcomes at discharge or at ≥ 6 months. We assessed the prognostic value of a priori selected clinical and laboratory-based features by estimating pooled risk ratios (RRs) through a random-effects meta-analysis. The I

resultsThere were several key findings. First, immunocompromised status, status epilepticus, and Glasgow coma scale of < 8 during initial admission were significantly associated with poor neurological outcomes both at discharge and ≥ 6 months after infectious encephalitis onset. Second, CSF leucocytosis [RR: 0.83 95% CI: 0.69-0.98, p = 0.03, n = 5, I DISCUSSION: This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate prognostic factors linked to neurological outcomes following infectious encephalitis. The results highlight the prognostic value of a range of easily accessible clinical and laboratory parameters.

Indexed as

Infectious EncephalitisHumansPrognosisencephalitisinfectionneurologicaloutcomesprognostic

Identifiers

PMID41294363
PMCPMC12649060

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.