Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41293214›Full record

ArticlePsychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law2025

Examining policing interventions to promote ethnoracial equity in police-community relations: a systematic review .

Annie Pan, Dylan B Jackson, Nysa Adurkar, Rebecca L Fix

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Annie PanPublic Health Studies, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5723-2847
Dylan B JacksonDepartment of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Nysa AdurkarPublic Health Studies, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Rebecca L FixDepartment of Mental Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amidst ongoing police violence in the United States, strained relations persist between individuals from marginalised ethnoracial communities and law enforcement, necessitating urgent action. Targeted U.S. police training programmes can address ethnoracial bias and improve interactions and community relations with police. Our review of existing research, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, identified six studies (three youth-specific studies, three adult-specific studies) on interventions to enhance police relations and promote ethnoracial equities in U.S. policing practices. We used SIGN guidelines to evaluate internal validity and the overall assessment of the selected literature. Evidence supports the use of ethnoracial bias awareness training for U.S. officers, which may lead to better rapport with individuals from marginalised ethnoracial communities in the future. We aim to aid future research and develop training to rectify inequitable treatment of individuals from historically oppressed ethnoracially marginalised communities by policing personnel. .

Indexed as

anti-Black racismpolicepolice interventionspolice trainingracial discrimination

Identifiers

PMID41293214
PMCPMC12642886

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.