Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41291996›Full record

ReviewReproduction, fertility, and development2026

When less really is more: reducing embryo manipulation to lower metabolic stress and improving long term outcomes.

Paolo Rinaudo, Rhodel Simbulan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Reproduction, fertility, and development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Paolo RinaudoDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Rhodel SimbulanDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Altered metabolism in embryo generated by in vitro fertilizationR01HD108166 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PAOLO RINAUDO · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD108166
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) to treat human infertility has increased exponentially in recent years. In addition to improved access to care for infertile patients, there is a significant increase in ART utilization in individuals without infertility, who electively chose to freeze their gametes and embryos for future use. Importantly, the number of procedures performed on eggs (egg freezing and thawing, increase in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) utilization) and embryo (embryo biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), freezing and thawing) has also increased over time. Here we review the laboratory animal evidence indicating how an increase in the number of procedures performed may be associated with increase in embryonic stress, altered in utero growth and possible neonatal and long-term consequences. These data suggest that minimizing the number of gamete and embryo procedures to the minimum required is a wise approach, while waiting for human data to provide further guidance.

Indexed as

InfertilityReproductive Techniques, AssistedStress, PhysiologicalAnimalsCryopreservationEmbryo, MammalianEmbryo TransferFemaleHumansMalePregnancyPreimplantation Diagnosisdevelopmental origins of health and diseaseembryo cultureembryo stressmetabolic syndrome

Identifiers

PMID41291996
PMCPMC13011073

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.