Prevalence and factors associated with shoulder pain among diabetic patients and menopausal women: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

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Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 authors.

Xu WangDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0142-8469

Yuhang ZhuDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0866-8588

Qingsan ZhuDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, China. zhuqs@jlu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-832X

Funding

Jilin Province Health Research Talents Special Project 2020SCZ17

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundShoulder pain is highly prevalent among diabetic and menopausal women, yet evidence on contributing factors in these high-risk groups is limited. In this study, the prevalence and associated clinical and lifestyle factors in both populations were analysed using large, nationally representative datasets.

methodsThe data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, which used a multistage sampling design. A total of 21,095 participants were initially recruited, after which strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure data quality. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with shoulder pain among diabetic patients and menopausal women.

resultsThe diabetes analysis included 12,214 individuals: 10,009 without diabetes and 2205 with diabetes. The menopausal analysis included 5535 women: 864 non-menopausal women and 4671 menopausal women. The prevalence of shoulder pain was 17.4% among diabetic patients and 14.1% among non-diabetic participants (P < 0.001), and 20.4% among menopausal women and 15.5% among non-menopausal women (P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that shoulder pain in diabetic patients was significantly associated with female sex (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.53-2.61), residency in a village (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.89), sleep time (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.79-0.88), and white blood cell count (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14). In menopausal women, significant factors included residency in a village (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02-1.43), sleep time (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.78-0.84), white blood cell count (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10), and C-reactive protein level (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03).

conclusionsThis study revealed that shoulder pain is more prevalent among diabetic patients than among non-diabetic participants, and is more common among menopausal women than among non-menopausal women. Shoulder pain in diabetic patients and menopausal women is influenced by factors such as the living environment, sleep duration, and inflammatory markers. Notably, longer sleep duration appears to have a protective effect, and lifestyle factors and inflammatory status play important roles in the development of shoulder pain in these high-risk populations.

Indexed as

Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusMenopauseRetirementShoulder PainAgedChinaFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsCHARLSDiabetic patientsMenopausal womenRisk factorsShoulder pain

Identifiers

PMID41291812

DOI10.1186/s13018-025-06546-w

PMCPMC12746617

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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