Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41291557›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2025

Early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma in Cape Town, South Africa: prognostic risk factors at diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Shakira Dawood, Brigid McMillan, Karryn Brown, Jenna Oosthuizen, David Richardson, Kudakwashe Simba, Lillian F Andera, Jessica Opie, Katherine Antel, Stuart More and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Shakira DawoodDepartment of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4519-9398
Brigid McMillanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0623-6343
Karryn BrownDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-4717
Jenna OosthuizenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-3015
David RichardsonDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-6453-9173
Kudakwashe SimbaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-154X
Lillian F AnderaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-6233
Jessica OpieDepartment of Pathology, Division of Haematology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-2604
Katherine AntelDepartment of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9000-5504
Stuart MoreDepartment of Radiation Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6957-916X
Ayesha AllieDepartment of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-0992
Zainab Mohamed *Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-4231
Estelle Verburgh *Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. estelle.verburgh@uct.ac.za.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-7318

Funding

Research training in HIV-related transfusion medicine and hematology in South AfricaD43TW010345 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI UTE JENTSCH, EDWARD L MURPHY · 2017 to 2026
$3.0M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010345
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClassic Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) is a highly curable cancer disproportionately affecting younger patients and those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In under-resourced regions with endemic HIV or tuberculosis, cHL treatment outcomes are poor when compared to high-income settings for numerous disease, patient and health systems related factors. Over 80% of patients present with advanced disease and reducing diagnosis delays is thought to be critical in improving survival. However, because early-stage cHL is relatively uncommon in these settings, data evaluating outcomes in patients with early-stage disease are lacking.

methodThis retrospective study examined 70 patients with early-stage cHL. These patients, derived from a consecutive cohort of 387 cHL patients treated between 2010 and 2022, were meticulously staged with the Modified Lugano staging system and positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the applicability of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk stratification were assessed.

resultsThe median age at diagnosis was 35 years and most patients had stage II (86%), or unfavourable disease (76%). The 5-year OS for the favourable and unfavourable groups were similar (94% vs. 90%, P = 0.599) as was 5-year PFS (83% vs. 88%, P = 0.984). Five-year OS for the HIV positive patients was 94% and 90% in HIV negative patients (P = 0.684), and PFS was 100% and 82%, respectively (P = 0.086).

conclusionsThis study demonstrated survival outcomes in early-stage cHL patients comparable with higher income countries, notwithstanding HIV status or unfavourable NCCN classification. In contrast to the previous study from our centre which showed overall survival rates of 66%, for patients with cHL of all disease stages, we highlight the importance of facilitating early diagnosis and treatment in low- and middle-income countries.

Indexed as

Hodgkin DiseaseAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyPrognosisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSouth AfricaTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultEarly diagnosisHodgkin diseaseLymphomaNCCN stagingSouth africaTreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID41291557
PMCPMC12645670

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.