ArticleParasitology research2025
New insights into the ectoparasite fauna of bats (Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae) in the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico.
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Abstract
Bat ectoparasites are an integral part of the wildlife and of host-parasite interactions in the Baja California Peninsula (BCP), Mexico, but the study of these ectoparasites is scarce in this area. In this study the ectoparasite faunal composition of the bat families Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae was determined and the first ectoparasitic checklist from BCP was developed. Thirteen bat species (Phyllostomidae, N = 1, Vespertilionidae, N = 12) from the northern and central region of the BCP were analysed. The checklist is presented in two tables, a parasite-host list and a host-parasite list. Twenty-three ectoparasite taxa were recorded, belonging to the five orders Ixodida (Argasidae), Mesostigmata (Macronyssidae, Spinturnicidae), Trombidiformes (Trombiculidae, Leeuwenhoekiidae, Myobiidae), Diptera (Nycteribiidae, Streblidae), and Hemiptera (Cimicidae), from nine bat species: Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Antrozous pallidus, Corynorhinus townsendii, Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis californicus, M. ciliolabrum, M. evotis, M. vivesi and M. volans. Six taxa of Acari are new records for BCP and Mexico, i.e., Albeckia albecki, Acanthophthirius caudatus eptesicus, Acanthophthirius sp. 1, Acanthophthirius sp. 2, Trombiculidae Gen. sp. 1 and Steatonyssus occidentalis. Ectoparasites of Vespertilionidae likely share Nearctic affinities in relation with their hosts' distribution, as ectoparasites of Phyllostomidae do with Neotropical affinities. This study is pioneer in the construction of baseline data of bat ectoparasite diversity in the BCP; due to lack of information, it is necessary to continue the studies of ectoparasites for bat species of the families Emballonuridae, Molossidae, Mormoopidae, and Natalidae.
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