Observational studyScientific reports2025
Reduced Fc-mediated antibody responses after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in a cohort of people living with HIV-1.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mucosal Immune Responses in People Living with HIV May Confer Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Infections After COVID-19 Vaccination.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral therapy interferes with pseudovirus neutralization assays while Gag-specific T-cells influence mRNA vaccine outcomes in HIV patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 infection has been associated with increased COVID-19-related hospitalization and greater SARS-CoV-2 shedding. People living with HIV-1 (PLWH) also have higher risks to other respiratory infections and lower response rates to influenza and pneumococcal vaccines, even after antiretroviral therapy. This observational study evaluated serum antibody responses after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in elderly male cohorts of PLWH on antiretroviral therapy and people without HIV-1 (PWOH). Specifically we measured the titers, isotypes/subtypes, and functions of antibodies after the third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. SARS-CoV-2-specific total immunoglobulin (Ig) titers were significantly higher in blood samples from PLWH vs. PWOH. Notably, PLWH had higher levels of IgG2 and IgG4, two IgG subtypes with minimal Fc activities. Correspondingly, lower Fc capacities were displayed by PLWH, and they correlated inversely with SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG4 levels. Our data point to changes in SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody distribution elicited in PLWH after mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations, resulting in the curtailments in the Fc functionalities that may contribute to suboptimal antiviral responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.