Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41290298›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Educational outcomes for children and young people with cancer: study protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked education and hospital data from England.

Selina Nath, Tony Stone, Joseph Lam, Richard G Feltbower, Darren Hargrave, Martin G McCabe, Harry Brown, Lauren Cara Louise Hickinbottom, Kella Jackson, Lewis Paget and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Selina NathUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK s.nath@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5976-1301
Tony StoneUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Joseph LamUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Richard G FeltbowerUniversity of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-9408
Darren HargraveUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Martin G McCabeDivision of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Harry BrownUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lauren Cara Louise HickinbottomUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Kella JacksonUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lewis PagetUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Tilly StanleyUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Phoebe Skye WattsUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Katie HarronUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-2856

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionChildhood cancer survivors (CCSs) experience educational disruptions during and following treatment, yet robust, longitudinal evidence on educational performance remains limited. We will investigate differences in educational outcomes between CCSs and non-cancer peers during primary and secondary school. We will also explore how sociodemographic factors and age at diagnosis contribute to potential differences in General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examinations, a critical indicator of future academic and employment prospects. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will use the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data (ECHILD) to capture linked health and education data for children born in National Health Service (NHS)-funded hospitals in England. We will generate birth cohorts spanning September 1997 to August 2015 (estimated sample size: ~10 million), formed of pupils expected to have undertaken national curriculum assessments between academic years 2004/2005 and 2021/2022 including Key Stage (KS) 1, 2 and 4, corresponding to ages 7, 11 and 16 respectively. Cancer diagnosis will be identified from inpatient hospital records, using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes (ICD-10). We will investigate differences between CCS and their non-cancer peers in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics and describe trends in educational performances at all KSs, recorded Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) and school absences. Differences in KS4 (GCSE) performances between CCS and non-cancer peers will be quantified, according to and accounting for geographic region, sex, deprivation, ethnicity and birth characteristics. To assess whether cancer diagnosis disrupts academic trajectories, we will restrict analysis to those with KS2 attainment data and investigate KS4 performance. We will finally explore the influence of age at diagnosis on educational performance at KS4. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was granted by NHS Health Research Authority Research Ethics Committee (20/EE/0180). Findings will be shared with academics, policymakers, children and families affected by childhood cancer, and published in journals. Code/metadata will be shared on ECHILD GitHub repository.

Indexed as

Cancer SurvivorsEducational StatusNeoplasmsAdolescentChildCohort StudiesEnglandFemaleHumansMaleResearch DesignCancerEducation, MedicalEPIDEMIOLOGYSchools

Identifiers

PMID41290298
PMCPMC12645591

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.