ArticleEnvironment international2025
Impact of heat exposure on sleep health and its population vulnerability in the United States.
Article in Environment international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms of Heat-Induced Sleep Disruption in Aging: A Narrative Review.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- Effects of Heatwaves and Tropical Nights on Sleep in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Scoping Review.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- Nighttime temperature and sleep duration in the Chinese population.BMC public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Rising temperatures are associated with impaired sleep quantity and quality. Yet, little is known about population vulnerabilities. We aim to assess the sleep health associations with heat exposure and by sociodemographic, spatial, and health-related factors with projected future changes in the United States. This study linked longitudinal sleep records measured by digital wearables in the All of Us Research Program from 2010 to 2022 with gridded meteorological data. We assessed daily daytime and nighttime temperature anomalies as heat exposures. Sleep duration, continuity, onset, and stages associations with heat were assessed using multi-stage linear mixed effect models. Vulnerability to heat by sociodemographic, spatiotemporal, and health-related factors was estimated. We projected reductions in daily sleep duration from 2020 to 2099, under different future climate scenarios in U.S. by climate zones. This study included 14,232 adults with 12,531,244 nights of sleep duration and onset measurements and 8,134,295 sleep continuity and stage measurements in the continuous U.S. We found that a 10 °C increase of the daytime and nighttime temperature anomalies was associated with a decrease of 2.19 (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 2.09, 2.29) and 2.63 (95 % CI: 2.51, 2.75) minutes of total sleep time, respectively. The effects of heat on sleep duration were greater (9.2 % - 79.4 %, p-value for interaction < 0.05) among females, Hispanics, and those with lower socioeconomic status or chronic health conditions. We also found substantial spatial differences, with the effect estimates being twice as large in marine climate zones compared with other regions. We project 8.5-24.0 additional hours of sleep reduction could occur per person-year in different climate zones by 2099 compared to the 1995-2014. Higher sleep duration reduction happened in June to September and in Marine climate zones on the west coast. This study highlighted adaptation inequalities across regions, sociodemographic and health-related factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.