Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41289616›Full record

Observational studySeminars in arthritis and rheumatism2025

In utero and early life exposures to smoking are associated with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Takuma Ohnishi, Megan Zhao, Min Shi, Rita Volochayev, Sharon H Jackson, Anna Jansen, Nastaran Bayat, Payam Noroozi Farhadi, Kakali Sarkar, Willy A Flegel and 5 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Takuma OhnishiEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Megan ZhaoEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Min ShiBiostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Rita VolochayevEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sharon H JacksonNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Anna JansenEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nastaran BayatEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; DLH, LLC, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Payam Noroozi FarhadiEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Kakali SarkarEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Willy A FlegelDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Christine G ParksEpidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Clarice R WeinbergBiostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Frederick W MillerEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Adam SchiffenbauerEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Lisa G RiderEnvironmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: riderl@mail.nih.gov.

Funding

Environmental/genetic Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune DiseaseZIAES101074 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RIDER, LISA · 2009 to 2025
$34.6M
Pathogenesis And Genetic/environmental Risk Factors ForZ01ES101074 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MILLER, FREDERICK · 2002 to 2008
$2.7M
Environmental Exposures And Risk For Cancer and Chronic Diseases In AdultsZ01ES049028 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SANDLER, DALE P · 1997 to 2008
$284k
SCIENTIFIC, OPERATIONS, AND ADMINISTRATIVE RESOURCES (SOAR) TO NIH.75N95021D00012 · NIDA · KELLY SERVICES, INC. · PI SPROSE, SARA · 2021 to 2021
$57k
Laboratory Services Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine Core ReportZICCL002128 · CLC · CLINICAL CENTER · PI FLEGEL, WILLY · 2020 to 2025
$0k
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 ES049028Intramural NIH HHS Z01 ES101074Intramural NIH HHS ZIA ES101074Intramural NIH HHS ZIC CL002128NIDA NIH HHS 75N95021D00012NIEHS NIH HHS HHSN273201600011C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSystemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. We examined pregnancy complications, early life events (birth season, birth order, feeding), and exposures to tobacco smoking in relation to SARD diagnosis.

methodsIn a case-control study, probands with SARDs were compared to same-sex close-in-age unaffected siblings (US), and demographically-matched unrelated controls (UC); 329 children (probands=124, US=115, UC=90) and 184 adults (probands=76, US=63, UC=45) were included. Conditional and unconditional logistic regression were used to examine proband-US and proband-UC comparisons. We examined associations between SARDs and exposures to smoking while adjusting for HLA-DRB1*03:01 in White probands and UC.

resultsNo specific pregnancy complication was associated with SARDs; however, the total number of pregnancy complications was greater in juvenile probands. A higher proportion of juvenile-onset probands than UC were exposed to tobacco smoking, both in utero and after birth (prenatal, 20 % vs 4 %, OR=4.04, 95 %CI=1.20-17.7; household smoking before age 3, 14 % vs 3 %, OR=4.83, 95 %CI=1.31-26.1). Among adult-onset probands and US, household smoking exposure before age 10 was associated with SARDs (60 % vs 42 %, OR=10.06, 95 %CI=1.23-82.0). Among White subjects, HLA-DRB1*03:01 was associated with SARDs (juvenile-onset OR=2.03, 95 %CI=1.04-4.10; adult-onset OR=7.67, 95 %CI=2.72-26.4). After adjusting for HLA-DRB1*03:01, household smoking exposure was associated with juvenile- and adult-onset SARDs (OR=5.49, 95 %CI=1.22-39.7, and OR=4.01, 95 %CI=1.11-17.2).

conclusionEarly life exposure to tobacco smoking is associated with SARDs; the effect remained after adjusting for the genetic risk of HLA. These findings support a role for early environmental exposures in autoimmune diseases.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesPregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsRheumatic DiseasesSmokingAdultCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMaternal ExposureMiddle AgedTobacco Smoke PollutionAutoimmune diseasesDermatomyositisEarly life factorsPolymyositisPregnancySystemic lupus erythematosusTobacco smoke

Identifiers

PMID41289616
PMCPMC12711407

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.