ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2025
Natural History of Swiss Infants with Non-SCID T-cell Lymphopenia Detected by Newborn Screening: A Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Second-tier genetics improves newborn screening accuracy for SCID and other T cell deficiencies.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- Five-year experience of a combined newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy and severe combined immunodeficiency in Liguria, Italy.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026Article
- Optimizing TREC- and KREC-based newborn screening: Risk-stratified algorithms significantly reduce referrals.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNewborn screening (NBS) by quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) identifies a considerable number of infants with T-cell lymphopenia (TCL) other than severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). While some of these children have well-defined inborn errors of immunity (IEI), many lack a clear genetic diagnosis, complicating their management and causing prognostic uncertainty.
objectiveTo characterize the natural history of non-SCID TCL detected through NBS in Swiss infants between 2019 and 2023.
methodsClinical, genetic and laboratory data from all non-SCID TCL cases were extracted from the national NBS registry and analyzed.
resultsOut of 435 985 screened infants, 42 patients were identified with non-SCID, non-congenital athymia TCL, without an obvious secondary cause. A clear genetic diagnosis of IEI was established in 20 (48%) patients. Infants with confirmed IEI had significantly lower total T-cell, CD4 + T-cell and recent thymic emigrant (RTE) counts on initial lymphocyte phenotyping. In contrast, those with an unclear genetic diagnosis despite full investigations demonstrated faster normalization of total T-cell counts (hazard ratio 5.2, 95% CI 1.9 to 14.5, p = 0.001). All infants with initial CD4 + T-cell < 0.3 × 10
conclusionInfants with non-SCID TCL identified by NBS represent a heterogenous group, ranging from severe, persistent TCL to mild, transient lymphopenia. Management should be tailored based on individual immunological and genetic profiles.
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