Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41287473›Full record

ArticlePediatric pulmonology2025

Co-Occurring Conditions and Sleep Symptoms Associated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Down Syndrome.

Taylor A Curry, Emily Cooper, John Brinton, Kristine Wolter-Warmerdam, Norman R Friedman, Stephen M M Hawkins, Francis Hickey, Benjamin H Hughes, Emily M DeBoer

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Taylor A CurryDepartment of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4404-2873
Emily CooperDepartment of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
John BrintonDepartment of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Kristine Wolter-WarmerdamSie Center for Down Syndrome, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Norman R FriedmanSie Center for Down Syndrome, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Stephen M M HawkinsThe Breathing Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Francis HickeySie Center for Down Syndrome, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Benjamin H HughesThe Breathing Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Emily M DeBoerThe Breathing Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-9342

Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesSleep disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in children with Down syndrome (DS). The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all children with DS undergo a polysomnogram between 3 and 4 years of age irrespective of symptoms. Our objective is to describe the clinical symptoms and breathing patterns of children with DS based on their polysomnogram results.

methodsA large, single-center retrospective study evaluated SDB in children with DS at moderate altitude between 1642 and 2087 m above sea level. The primary outcome was obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI). Secondary outcomes included central apnea index (CAI), gas exchange, sleep symptoms, and co-occurring condition(s). Associations between OSA severity and caregiver-reported sleep symptoms and co-occurring conditions were explored.

resultsOf the 526 children (mean age = 5.69 years) with valid polysomnogram results, 419 (79.7%) were diagnosed with OSA based on the criteria of OAHI ≥ 2 events/h and 268 (51.0%) with moderate/severe OSA. Mean OAHI was 10.1 events/h (SD 14.1). Witnessed apnea was positively associated with moderate/severe OSA, whereas restless sleep was negatively associated. There is a significant positive association between higher body mass index (BMI) category and more severe OSA (p = 0.02). Conversely, there was a negative association between moderate/severe OSA and a history of feeding difficulties (p = 0.037).

conclusionsIn this large cohort of children with DS, we confirm a high prevalence of OSA. Additionally, caregiver-reported witnessed apneic events occurring most nights and BMI category severity were associated with worsened OSA severity.

Indexed as

Down SyndromeSleep Apnea, ObstructiveChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMalePolysomnographyPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness Indexaltitudechildrendown syndromeOAHIobesitysleep apnea

Identifiers

PMID41287473
PMCPMC12645186

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